Gyliotrachela hungerfordiana (von Moellendorff, 1891)
“Of the three species of Hypselostoma hitherto described, H. bensonianum is the only one with the form collected by Mr. Hungerford at Bukit Pondong can be combined. Diagnosis and figure agree fairly well, but the latter is not very exact, at least not detailed enough for a small form, and the description might also be more complete. It is besides not very likely that the same species ranges from Ava into Perak, while there occurs another species at Moulmein. A comparison of specimens of H. bensonianum with the Perak form may therefore result in separating the latter as a distinct species. Unfortunately I do not possess the Ava species.” (Möllendorff, 1886)
“Although I have not yet been able to compare authentic specimens of H. bensonianum Blfd. from Ava, I am convinced that the Perak form cannot be combined with it and that it constitutes a good new species. It is somewhat more conical and comparatively higher than the Ava form, the upper whorls are more convex, not 'planulate' as Blanford has it, the last whorl is more detached and stretches to the right; facing the shell the whole aperture is visible in H. bensonianum, only part of it in H. hungerfordianum. There are seven instead of four teeth. I suppose that the additional fifth tooth mentioned by Blanford means that the parietal tooth or lamella is divided as in the Perak species, but the latter possesses three more between the parietal and columellar lamellae.” (Pilsbry, 1918)
“The angular lamella is very slender and runs close and parallel to the anterior part of the parietal (fig. 4). The two infraparietals are long and larger than the supracolumellar lamella. Upper and lower palatal plicae strong, some small interpalatals between them. In the basal position are one or more little plicae. All the lamellae and plicae are seen to be set with minute points. Under a low power they seem as if covered with little sand grains. The surface is minutely and superficially rugose. Apex is minutely granulose. The peristome is flatly reflected along the columellar margin, the outer merely expanded. This species has a longer, less ascending neck and more developed accessory plicae and lamellae than G. bensonianus. It is paler than G. transitans, has a longer neck, longer angular lamella and more teeth. Specimens from the limestone caves of Gunong Pondok (pl. 36, fig. 1) have the scaly-granose sculpture strongly developed and the keel more pronounced. The figured specimen measures, alt. 2, diam. 3 mm. Figures 2-4 are Perak specimens, probably of the original lot.” (Pilsbry, 1918)
Möllendorff (1891) original descriptions on Hypselostoma hungerfordianum – “T. sat aperte umbilicata, turbinata, tenuis, corneo-brunnea, opaca. Anfr. 4½, angulato-convexi, suturu valde impressa disjuncti. parum striatuli, supremi spiram concave turrito-conicam, apice mammillari subexcentrico, efficientes, ultimus carina exserta rotundata ad peripheriam, altera ad umbilicum obtusiore, supra et infra carinam periphericam sulco spirali leviter impresso cinctus, a quarta parte sohitus, porrectus, leviter ascendens, in parte solute fere tetragonus, basi spiraliter lineolatus. Apertura fere verticalis, aliquantulum sursum spectans, rotundato-quadrangularis, intus dentibus 7 lamelliformibus coarctata, quorum 4 majores, ad modum crucis oppositi, parietalis validus longe intrans, bipartitus, inter illum et columellarem 3 minoribus interpositis. Peristoma liberum, simplex, tenue, sat late expansum, inter binas lamellas profundiuscule sinuatum.”
Pilsbry (1918) descriptions on Gyliauchen hungerfordianus – “Shell rather openly umbilicate, turbinate, thin, corneous brown, opaque. Whorls 4½, angulate-convex, separated by a much impressed suture, slightly striatulate, the upper forming a concave, turrited-conic spire with mamillar, slightly excentric apex. Last whorl having a projecting, rounded keel at the periphery, another more obtuse one at the umbilicus, encircled by lightly impressed spiral sulci above and below the peripheral keel; its last fourth free, running forward, slightly ascending, almost tetragonal in the free part, at the base spirally lineolate. Aperture nearly vertical, very slightly looking upward, rounded-quadrangular, contracted by seven lamelliform teeth within, of which four larger form a cross; parietal strong, deeply entering, bipartite; between it and the columellar there are three smaller ones. Peristome free, simple, thin, rather broadly expanded, rather deeply sinuated between the two lamellae.”
Hypselostoma hungerfordianum – “Diam. max. 3, alt. 2 ½, apert. diam. Cum perist. 1 mm.” (Möllendorff, 1891); Gyliauchen hungerfordianus – “Diam. max. 3, alt. 2 ½ , diam. of aperture with peristome 1 mm.” (Pilsbry, 1918)
Type locality – “Bukit Pondong” leg. R. Hungerford (Möllendorff, 1891)
Other localities – “Kelantan” leg. J. Waterstradt (Sykes, 1902); Bukit Chintamani, Pahang” leg. Tweedie/Dec. 1938 (Benthem-Jutting, 1949) also (Berry, 1961); “Bukit Baling, Kedah” leg. Tweedie/Dec. 1938 (Benthem-Jutting, 1949); “Batu Caves, Selangor” leg. Tweedie/Apr. 1939; (Benthem-Jutting, 1949) “Bukit Takun, Kanching, Selangor” leg. Tweedie/Mar. 1939; (Benthem-Jutting, 1949) “Gua Bama, Pahang” leg. Tweedie/1941 (Benthem-Jutting, 1949); “Kelantan; Gua Setir, (5°40’00”N, 101°55’40”E)” (Davison & Kiew, 1990); “Kelantan; Gua Ikan, (5°21’10”N, 102°01’40”E)” (Davison & Kiew, 1990); “Kelantan; Gua Jaya, (5°05’40”N, 101°46’25”E)” (Davison & Kiew, 1990); “Kelantan; Gua Palda, (5°06’45”N, 101°45’30”E)” (Davison & Kiew, 1990); “Kelantan; Batu Pulau Raba, (5°04’15”N, 101°55’35”E)” (Davison & Kiew, 1990); “Kelantan; Gua Sendok Utara, (5°11’40”N, 102°02’05”E)” (Davison & Kiew, 1990); “Kelantan; Gua Henderik, (4°45’20”N, 101°46’40”E)” (Davison & Kiew, 1990); “Kelantan; Gua Panjang, (4°48’00”N, 102°00’00”E)” (Davison & Kiew, 1990)
“Gyliotrachela on the other hand is an air breathing pulmonate, and thus less likely to be affected by dryness and fluctuations in the humidity of the air. During long periods of dryness individuals seal the rim of the aperture to the dry rock surface with mucus and remain immobile.” (Berry, 1961)
“Regions which were shaded and free of lichen and moss…moss-covered areas… G. hungerfordiana, while preferring bare rock, was also found in small numbers among moss.” (Berry, 1961)
“The stomachs of Gyliotrachela usually contained algal cells, often large amounts of lichen, but never fragments of moss.” (Berry, 1961)